White paper on crime 2007 (Image Index)

Index Year Selection

White paper on crime 2007

- The Circumstances and Attributes of Repeat Offenders and Countermeasures to Recidivism -

Part 1

Crime Trends in 2006

Chapter 1

Overview of Penal Code Offenses

Section 1

Principal Data

Fig. 1-1-1-1 Number of reported cases and persons cleared for penal code offenses (1946-2006)

1	Reported cases and crime rate

Table 1-1-1-2 Number of reported cases, crime rate, number of cleared cases and persons cleared, and clearance rate for penal code offenses by type of major offense (2006)

Fig. 1-1-1-3 Percent distribution of reported cases and persons cleared for penal code offenses, by type of offense (2006)

Fig. 1-1-1-4 Number of reported cases for non-traffic penal code offenses excluding theft by type of major offense (1977-2006)

2	Persons cleared

Fig. 1-1-1-5 Age distribution of persons cleared for non-traffic penal code offenses (1977-2006)

Fig. 1-1-1-6 Number of females cleared for non-traffic penal code offenses and female rate

Table 1-1-1-7 Number of females cleared for non-traffic penal code offenses by type of offense (2006)

3	Clearance rate

Fig. 1-1-1-8 Clearance rate for penal code offenses (1977-2006)

Section 2

Trend in Non-traffic Penal Code Offenses Excluding Theft

Overview

Fig. 1-1-2-1 Numbers of reported cases and clearance rate for non-traffic penal code offenses excluding theft (1977-2006)

Fig. 1-1-2-2 Numbers of reported cases and clearance rate for non-traffic penal code offenses excluding theft, by type of major offense (1987-2006)

Robbery

Table 1-1-2-3 Number of cases reported and cleared and clearance rate for robbery targeting overnight supermarkets (1997-2006)

4	Fraud, etc.

Table 1-1-2-4 Number of cases reported and cleared, persons cleared, clearance rate, and the total damage of billing fraud/extortion (2006)

6	Damage to property

Table 1-1-2-5 Number of reported cases and percent ratio for damage to property, by type of damaged property, and by place of occurrence (2006)

7	Giving and acceptance of bribes, etc.

Table 1-1-2-6 Numbers of public officials newly received and finally disposed by public prosecutors offices for acceptance of bribes (2006)

Table 1-1-2-7 Term of imprisonment with work sentenced in the court of first instance for giving and acceptance of bribes (2002-2006)

Table 1-1-2-8 Number of public officials newly received and finally disposed by public prosecutors offices, by type of offense (2006)

8	Organized crime

Table 1-1-2-9 Number of persons newly received by public prosecutors offices for violations of the Anti-Organized Crime Act (2002-2006)

Table 1-1-2-10 Application of the provisions of confiscation and collection of a sum of equivalent value of the Anti-Organized Crime Act in the court of first instance (2002-2006)

Section 3

Theft

Fig. 1-1-3-1 Numbers of reported cases and clearance rate for theft (1977-2006)

Fig. 1-1-3-2 Percent distribution of reported theft cases by modus operandi (2006)

Fig. 1-1-3-3 Number of reported cases by type of theft (1977-2006)

Chapter 2

Overview of Special Act Offenses

Section 1

Principal Dataƒ^

Fig. 1-2-1-1 Number of persons newly received by public prosecutors offices for special act offenses (1949-2006)

Fig. 1-2-1-2 Percent distribution of special act offenses excluding violations of road traffic related acts by type of offense (2006)

Section 2

Principal Special Act Offenses

1	Violations of the Minor Offenses Act, etc.

Fig. 1-2-2-1 Number of persons newly received by public prosecutors offices for violations of the Minor Offenses Act etc. (1997-2006)

2	Violations of the Child Welfare Act, etc.

Fig. 1-2-2-2 Number of persons newly received by public prosecutors offices for violations of the Child Welfare Act, Act against Child Prostitution and Pornography, and Youth Protection Ordinance (1997-2006)

3	Violations of the Stalker Control Act, etc.

Fig. 1-2-2-3 Number of persons newly received by public prosecutors offices for violations of the Stalker Control Act and Spouse Violence Prevention Act (2000-2006)

4	Violations of the Public Offices Election Act

Table 1-2-2-4 Number of persons newly received for violation of the Public Offices Election Act (1997-2006)

Chapter 3

Overview of Offenses of Various Types

Section 1

Traffic Offenses

1	Trends in traffic offenses

Fig. 1-3-1-1 Number of traffic accidents, persons killed or injured in traffic accidents (1946-2006)

Fig.1-3-1-2 Number and the clearance rate for hit-and-run cases (1997-2006)

Fig. 1-3-1-3 Percent distribution of violations of road traffic related acts by type of violations (2006)

2	Disposition by public prosecutors offices

Fig. 1-3-1-4 Percent distribution of persons finally disposed by public prosecutors offices for traffic offenses by type of disposition (2006)

Fig. 1-3-1-5 Percent distribution of persons indicted for dangerous driving causing death or injury by type of accident (2006)

3	Disposition by courts

Fig. 1-3-1-6 Percent distribution of term of imprisonment (with or without work) of persons sentenced dangerous driving causing death or injury, negligence in the pursuit of social activities, and violations of road traffic related acts (2006)

Section 2

Financial and Economic Offenses

1	Tax evasion

Fig. 1-3-2-1 Number of persons newly received by public prosecutors offices for violations of Income Tax Act, Inheritance Tax Act, Corporation Tax Act, Consumption Tax Act, and Local Tax Act (1997-2006)

Table 1-3-2-2 Number of cases accused and average amount of tax evasion (FY2002-FY2006)

Table 1-3-2-3 Numbers of persons prosecuted or not prosecuted for violations of Income Tax Act, Inheritance Tax Act, Corporation Tax Act, Consumption Tax Act, and Local Tax Act (2002-2006)

2	Economic offenses

Fig. 1-3-2-4 Number of persons newly received by public prosecutors offices for violations of the Commercial Code, Companies Act, Anti-Monopoly Act, and Securities and Exchange Act (1997-2006)

Table 1-3-2-5 Number of persons prosecuted or not prosecuted for violations of Commercial Code/Companies Act, Anti-Monopoly Act, and Securities and Exchange Act (2002-2006)

3	Financial offenses

Fig. 1-3-2-6 Number of persons newly received by public prosecutors offices for violations of the Investment Act and Loan Business Control Act (1997-2006)

Table 1-3-2-7 Numbers of persons prosecuted or not prosecuted for violations of the Investment Act and Loan Business control Act (2002-2006)

4	Intellectual property-related offenses

Fig. 1-3-2-8 Number of persons newly received by public prosecutors offices for violations of the Trademark Act and Copyright Act (1997-2006)

Table 1-3-2-9 Number of persons prosecuted or not prosecuted for violations of the Trademark Act and Copyright Act (2002-2006)

5	Bankruptcy-related offenses

Fig. 1-3-2-10 Numbers of persons newly received by public prosecutors offices for obstruction of compulsory execution, obstruction of auctions, and Bankruptcy Act violations (1997-2006)

Table 1-3-2-11 Numbers of persons prosecuted or not prosecuted for obstruction of compulsory execution, obstruction of auctions, and Bankruptcy Act violations (2002-2006)

Section 3

High-Technology Offenses

1	Trends in high-technology offenses

Table 1-3-3-1 Number of cases cleared for offenses involving computers or electromagnetic records (2002-2006)

Table 1-3-3-2 Number of cases cleared for offenses using cyber network (2002-2006)

Table 1-3-3-3 Number of cases cleared for violation of the Unauthorized Computer Access Act (2002-2006)

Table 1-3-3-4 Numbers of cases reported and cleared for offenses of unauthorized creation of an electromagnetic record of payment card (2002-2006)

2	Disposition by public prosecutors offices

Table 1-3-3-5 Number of persons finally disposed by public prosecutors offices for high-technology offenses (2006)

Chapter 4

Comparison of Crime Trends with Other Countries

Section 1

Major Offenses

Table 1-4-1-1 Number of reported cases, crime rate, and clearance rate for major offenses in five countries (1996-2005)

Section 2

Homicide

Table 1-4-2-1 Number of reported cases, crime rate, and clearance rate of homicide in five countries (2001-2005)

Section 3

Theft

Table 1-4-3-1 Number of reported cases, crime rate, and clearance rate of theft in five countries (2001-2005)

Chapter 5

Offenses Committed by and against Japanese Nationals Outside Japan

Section 1

Offenses Committed by Japanese Nationals Outside Japan

Table 1-5-1-1 Number of cases committed by Japanese nationals outside Japan, by type of offense (2006)

Section 2

Crime Victimization of Japanese Nationals Outside Japan

Table 1-5-2-1 Number of cases committed against Japanese nationals outside Japan, by type of offense (2006)

Part 2

Treatment of Offenders

Chapter 1

Overview

Fig. 2-1-1 Flow of procedures of adult offenders under the criminal justice

Chapter 2

Prosecution

Section 1

Reception of Suspected Cases

Fig. 2-2-1-1 Percent distribution of persons newly received by public prosecutors offices by type of offense (2006)

Section 2

Arrest and Detention of Suspects

Table 2-2-2-1 Number of persons arrested or detained for cases disposed by public prosecutors, by type of Offense (2006)

Section 3

Dispositions by Public Prosecutors Offices

Fig. 2-2-3-1 Percent distribution of persons finally disposed by public prosecutors offices by disposition, and number of persons indicted (1997-2006)

Fig. 2-2-3-2 Prosecution rates and suspended prosecution rates, by type of offense (1997-2006)

Table 2-2-3-3 Number of persons who were not prosecuted, by reason (1997-2006)

Chapter 3

Trial

Section 1

Judgments

1	Defendants with a final judgement

Table 2-3-1-1 Number of defendants finally judged in all cases (1997-2006)

2	The first instance

Table 2-3-1-2 Number of defendants finally disposed in district and family courts, by type of offense (2006)

Table 2-3-1-3 Number of defendants finally disposed in summary courts (2006)

Appeals

Table 2-3-1-4 Number of defendants finally disposed in Koso appeal trials, by type of offense (2006)

Section 2

Sentencing

1	Death penalty and life imprisonment with work

Table 2-3-2-1 Number of defendants sentenced to death penalty or life imprisonment with work in the court of first instance, by type of offense (1997-2006)

2	Imprisonment with or without work for a definite term

Table 2-3-2-2 Number of defendants sentenced to imprisonment with or without work for a definite term by district courts (2006)

Fines

Table 2-3-2-3 Fines sentenced in the court of first instance, by type of offense (2006)

Section 3

Detention and Bail

Table 2-3-3-1 Detainment during the first instance trials (2006)

Chapter 4

Correction of Adult Offenders

Section 1

Imprisonment in Penal Institutions

1	Rate of imprisonment of penal institutions

Fig. 2-4-1-1 Trends in the rate of imprisonment of penal institutions (As of December 31 in each year in 1987-2006)

2	Number of inmates of penal institutions

Fig. 2-4-1-2 Trends in the average daily number of inmates of penal institutions (1987-2006)

Table 2-4-1-3 Number of sentenced inmates newly admitted and released, by reason (2006)

3	Trend in number of newly admitted sentenced inmates

Fig. 2-4-1-4 Trends in the number of newly admitted sentenced inmates (1987-2006)

4	Characteristics of newly admitted sentenced inmates

Fig. 2-4-1-5 Percent distribution of newly admitted sentenced inmates, by sex and by age group (2006)

Fig. 2-4-1-6 Trend in the number of newly admitted sentenced inmates aged 60 or over by age group (1987-2006)

Fig. 2-4-1-7 Percent distribution of newly admitted inmates sentenced to imprisonment with work by imprisonment term (2002-2006)

Fig. 2-4-1-8 Histories of suspension of execution of sentence and protective measures for first-time inmates (2006)

Section 2

Treatment of Sentenced Inmates, etc.

1	Overview of treatment

Fig. 2-4-2-1 Flow of treatment of a sentenced inmate

Table 2-4-2-2 Classification and codes for a treatment index

5	Maintenance of discipline and order

Table 2-4-2-3 Number of incidents that occurred in penal institutions (2006)

6	Grievance systems

Table 2-4-2-4 Grievances filed by inmates (2002-2006)

Section 4

Improvements in the Treatment of Inmates at Penal Institutions

2	Countermeasures to overcrowding

Vocational training given to female inmates at the Mine Rehabilitation Program Center

Chapter 5

Rehabilitation Services

Section 1

Parole

2	Number of parolees

Fig. 2-5-1-1 Number of released sentenced inmates and parole rate (1949-2006)

3	Percent distribution of served sentence terms before parole

Fig. 2-5-1-2 Percent distribution of served term of imprisonment sentence for a fixed term before parole release (2006)

4	Parole of life imprisonment inmates

Table 2-5-1-3 Number of life imprisonment parolees by their served term (1997-2006)

Section 2

Probation/Parole Supervision

1	Probationers/parolees under supervision

Fig. 2-5-2-1 Number of newly received prison parolees and offenders given suspension of execution of sentence with probationary supervision (1949-2006)

Fig. 2-5-2-2 Percent distribution of newly received prison parolees and offenders given suspension of execution of sentence with probationary supervision by age group (2006)

Fig. 2-5-2-3 Percent distribution of newly received prison parolees and offenders given suspension of execution of sentence with probationary supervision by type of offense and sex (2006)

Fig. 2-5-2-4 Percent distribution of newly received prison parolees and offenders given suspension of execution of sentence with probationary supervision by supervision period (2006)

Fig. 2-5-2-5 Percent distribution of newly received prison parolees and offenders given suspension of execution of sentence with probationary supervision by residential situation (2006)

2	Treatment of probationers/parolees

Table 2-5-2-6 Number and percentage of prison parolees and offenders given suspension of execution of sentence with probationary supervision by treatment category (December 31, 2006)

4	Termination of probation/parole supervision

Fig. 2-5-2-7 Percent distribution of termination of probation/parole supervision by reason (2006)

Fig. 2-5-2-8 Percent distribution of prison parolees and offenders given suspension of execution of sentence with probationary supervision newly received and those whose probation/parole supervision terminated, by employment status (2006)

Section 3

Assistance during Supervision and Urgent Aftercare of Discharged Offenders

1	Assistance during supervision and urgent aftercare of discharged offenders

Table 2-5-3-1 Number of probationers/parolees receiving assistance during supervision and urgent aftercare of discharged offenders by type (2006)

2	Halfway houses

Fig. 2-5-3-2 Percent distribution of released inmates by planned place after their release (2006)

Chapter 6

International Cooperation in Criminal Justice

Section 2

Transnational Fugitives and Their Extradition

1	Transnational fugitives from Japan

Fig. 2-6-2-1 Number of transnational fugitives (as of December 31 in each year in 1997-2006)

Table 2-6-2-2 Number and percent ratio of transnational fugitives by nationality, etc. (as of December 31, 2006)

Table 2-6-2-3 Number of transnational fugitives by type of offense (as of December 31, 2006)

2	Extradition of fugitive offenders

Table 2-6-2-4 Number of fugitive offenders extradited (2002-2006)

Section 3

International Assistance in Investigation and Justice

1	Assistance in investigation, etc.

Table 2-6-3-1 Requests for mutual legal assistance in investigation (2002-2006)

Part 3

Trends in Offenses by Specific Offenders and Their Treatment

Chapter 1

Foreign National Offenders

Section 2

Trends in Crimes

1	Penal code offenses

Fig. 3-1-2-1 Numbers of cases and persons cleared for non-traffic penal code offenses committed by visiting foreign nationals and by other foreign nationals (1980-2006)

Fig. 3-1-2-2 Number of cleared theft and robbery cases committed by visiting foreign nationals (1997-2006)

2	Special act offenses

Fig. 3-1-2-3 Numbers of cases and persons referred to public prosecutors offices for special act offenses committed by visiting foreign nationals and by other foreign nationals (1980-2006)

Fig. 3-1-2-4 Number of cases cleared for Immigration Control Act violations, etc. committed by visiting foreign nationals (1997-2006)

Section 3

Treatment

1	Disposition by public prosecutors offices

Table 3-1-3-1 Number of visiting foreign nationals newly received by public prosecutors offices for criminal cases by nationality, etc. (2004-2006)

Fig. 3-1-3-2 Number of visiting foreign nationals finally disposed by public prosecutors offices for criminal cases (1997-2006)

Table 3-1-3-3 Number of visiting foreign nationals finally disposed by public prosecutors offices for criminal cases, by type of offense (2006)

2	Disposition by courts

Fig. 3-1-3-4 Numbers of foreign nationals convicted and of those accompanied by interpreters or translators (1997-2006)

Fig. 3-1-3-5 Percent distribution of the term of imprisonment with or without work sentenced to foreign defendants (2002-2006)

3	Correction

Fig. 3-1-3-6 Number of newly admitted Class F inmates (1997-2006)

4	Probation and parole supervision

Fig. 3-1-3-7 Number of foreign probationers and parolees (As of December 31, 1997-2006)

Chapter 2

Offenders related to Boryokudan (Organized Crime Groups)

Section 1

Trends in Boryokudan Members

Table 3-2-1-1 Number of Boryokudan members (as of December 31 in 1997-2006)

Section 2

Trends in Crimes

1	Penal code offenses and special act offenses

Fig. 3-2-2-1 Number of Boryokudan members cleared for non-traffic penal code offenses and special act offenses (1977-2006)

Table 3-2-2-2 Number of Boryokudan members in persons cleared by type of major offense (2006)

2	Firearm offenses

Fig. 3-2-2-3 Number of antagonistic Fig. ts and the rate of using firearms (1997-2006)

Fig. 3-2-2-4 Numbers of firing incidents and persons killed in firing incidents (1997-2006)

Fig. 3-2-2-5 Number of cleared firearm cases and the rate of using handguns (1997-2006)

Fig. 3-2-2-6 Number of seized handguns (1997-2006)

Section 3

Treatment

1	Dispositions by public prosecutors offices

Fig. 3-2-3-1 Prosecution rate of persons related to Boryokudan groups (1997-2006)

Fig. 3-2-3-2 Suspended prosecution rate for persons related to Boryokudan groups for major offenses (2006)

2	Correction

Table 3-2-3-3 Number of sentenced inmates related to Boryokudan groups and their proportion in total sentenced inmates (as of December 31 in each year in 2002-2006)

Fig. 3-2-3-4 Percent distribution of designated Boryokudan members newly admitted, by type of offense (2006)

3	Probation/parole supervision

Fig. 3-2-3-5 Percent ratio of persons related to designated Boryokudan groups to total persons newly subjected to probation/parole supervision (1997-2006)

Chapter 3

Drug Offenders

Section 1

Trends in Crimes

1	Stimulants Control Act violations

Fig. 3-3-1-1 Number of persons cleared for Stimulants Control Act violations (1951-2006)

Table 3-3-1-2 Number of persons cleared for Stimulants Control Act violations by type of violation (2002-2006)

Fig. 3-3-1-3 Percent distribution of the number of persons cleared for Stimulants Control Act violations by age group (1977-2006)

Table 3-3-1-4 Number of foreign nationals cleared for Stimulants Control Act violations, by type of violation and nationality, etc. (2006)

Table 3-3-1-5 Boryokudan members in the persons cleared for Stimulants Control Act violations by type of violation (2002-2006)

2	Narcotics and Psychotropics Control Act violations, etc.

Fig. 3-3-1-6 Number of persons cleared for violations of Narcotics and Psychotropics Control Act, Opium Act, and Cannabis Control Act violations (1977-2006)

3	Poisonous and Deleterious Substances Control Act violations

Fig. 3-3-1-7 Number of persons referred for Poisonous and Deleterious Substances Control Act violations (1977-2006)

Section 2

Crackdown

1	Seizure of stimulants, etc.

Table 3-3-2-1 Amount of seized stimulants, narcotics, opium, and cannabis (2002-2006)

2	Implementation of the Act on Special Provisions for Narcotics

Table 3-3-2-2 Number of cleared cases of Act on Special Provisions for Narcotics violations (2002-2006)

Table 3-3-2-3 Confiscation and collection of a sum of equivalent value to be confiscated in the court of first instance under the Act on Special Provisions for Narcotics (2002-2006)

Section 3

Treatment

1	Disposition by public prosecutors offices

Fig. 3-3-3-1 Prosecution rate for the Stimulants Control Act violations, Narcotics and Psychotropics Control Act violations, and Cannabis Control Act violations (1987-2006)

2	Disposition by courts

Fig. 3-3-3-2 Percent distribution of persons sentenced to imprisonment for Stimulants Control Act violations in the court of first instance by term of imprisonment (1977-2006)

3	Correction

Fig. 3-3-3-3 Percent distribution of newly admitted inmates convicted of Stimulants Control Act violations by sex and age group (2002-2006)

4	Probation/parole supervision

Fig. 3-3-3-4 Percent ratio of drug offenders to newly received probationers/parolees (1987-2006)

Chapter 4

Offenders with Mental Disorder

Section 1

Trends in Crimes

Fig. 3-4-1-1 Number of mentally disabled persons, etc. cleared for non-traffic penal code offenses (1997-2006)

Table 3-4-1-2 Numbers of mentally disabled persons, etc. cleared for non-traffic penal code offenses by type of offense (2006)

Section 2

Status of Criminal Proceedings

2	Correction

Table 3-4-2-1 Number of persons newly admitted to penal institutions and juvenile training schools by mental diagnosis (2006)

Section 3

The Medical Supervision of Mentally Disordered Offenders Act

Fig. 3-4-3-1 Flow of Treatment Procedures under the Act on Medical Care and Treatment for Insane Persons or Persons with Diminished Capacity

1	Hearings pertaining to public prosecutor's application

Table 3-4-3-2 Number of persons for whom prosecutors applied for hearings by type of acts and by type of criminal disposition (2006)

Table 3-4-3-3 Number of persons finally disposed at hearings in district courts pertaining to public prosecutor's application (2006)

Part 4

Trends in Juvenile Delinquency and Treatment of Juvenile Delinquents

Chapter 1

Trends in Juvenile Delinquency

Section 1

Juvenile Penal Code Offenders

1	Number of juveniles cleared

Fig. 4-1-1-1 Number of juveniles cleared for penal code offenses and their rate per 100,000 population (1946-2006)

Fig. 4-1-1-2 Number of juveniles and adults cleared for non-traffic penal code offenses, and juvenile proportion (1966-2006)

2	Trends by attribute

Fig. 4-1-1-3 Juvenile cleared rate per population for non-traffic penal code offenses, by age group (1966-2006)

Fig. 4-1-1-4 Number of juveniles cleared for non-traffic penal code offenses by sex and female proportion (1966-2006)

Fig. 4-1-1-5 Percent distribution of juveniles cleared for non-traffic penal code offenses by educational and employment situation (2006)

Fig. 4-1-1-6 Number of juveniles with delinquent histories cleared for non-traffic penal code offenses and their rate (1977-2006)

3	Trends by type of offense

Fig. 4-1-1-7 Percent distribution by type of offense of juveniles cleared for non-traffic penal code offenses by age group (2006)

Fig. 4-1-1-8 Number of juveniles cleared for homicide or robbery (1946-2006)

4	Complicity cases

Fig. 4-1-1-9 Percent distribution of non-traffic penal code offenses committed by juveniles, by type of major offense and number of perpetrators (2006)

Section 2

Juvenile Special Act Offenders

1	Number of juveniles referred by the police

Fig. 4-1-2-1 Number of juveniles referred by police for special act offenses (1956-2006)

3	Traffic offenses

Fig. 4-1-2-2 Number of juveniles referred for violations of road traffic related acts, and number of juvenile violations of Road Traffic Act (1966-2006)

Fig. 4-1-2-3 Number of hot rodders and of their groups (1997-2006)

Section 3

Juveniles of Illegal Behavior under 14 Years of Age

Fig. 4-1-3-1 Number of juveniles of illegal behavior guided by police for non-traffic penal code offenses and their rate per population (1946-2006)

Fig. 4-1-3-2 Number of juveniles of illegal behavior guided by police for homicide or robbery (1948-2006)

Section 4

Pre-delinquents

Fig. 4-1-4-1 Number of juveniles finally disposed by family courts for pre-delinquency by type of pre-delinquency and female rate (1969-2006)

Section 5

Delinquency at Home and School

1	Domestic violence

Fig. 4-1-5-1 Reported cases of juvenile domestic violence by their educational or employment status (1997-2006)

Chapter 2

Treatment of Juvenile Delinquents

Section 1

Overview

Fig. 4-2-1-1 Flow of treatment procedure for juvenile offenders and delinquents

Section 2

Disposition of Juvenile Cases by Public Prosecutors Offices and Courts

1	Disposition by public prosecutors offices

Fig. 4-2-2-1 Number of juvenile offenders newly received by public prosecutors offices by age group (1975-2006)

Table 4-2-2-2 Number of juveniles referred to and disposed by public prosecutors by type of offense (2006)

2	Juvenile hearing

Fig. 4-2-2-3 Number of juveniles received by family courts for juvenile cases (1949-2006)

Fig. 4-2-2-4 Percent distribution of juveniles finally disposed by family courts by type of disposition (2006)

Fig. 4-2-2-5 Percent distribution of juveniles finally disposed by family courts for homicide and robbery by type of disposition (2006)

Table 4-2-2-6 Number of juveniles finally disposed by family courts for cases of juveniles aged 16 or over to be referred to public prosecutors for prosecution in principle, by type of offense (2002-2006)

3	Criminal trial

Table 4-2-2-7 Number of juveniles convicted or transferred to family courts in the court of first instance, by type of offense (2001-2006)

Section 3

Classification at Juvenile Classification Homes

1	Admission and discharge

Fig. 4-2-3-1 Number of newly admitted juveniles in classification homes (1949-2006)

Fig. 4-2-3-2 Age distribution of newly admitted juveniles in classification homes by sex and age group (1987-2006)

Fig. 4-2-3-3 Percent distribution of newly admitted juveniles in classification homes by sex, age group, and by type of delinquency (2006)

Fig. 4-2-3-4 Percent distribution of juveniles discharged from juvenile classification homes by reason (2006)

2	Classification of activities

Fig. 4-2-3-5 Flow of institutional classification in juvenile classification homes

Table 4-2-3-6 Relationship between recommendations based on classification and disposition by family courts (2006)

Classification services for the general public

Section 4

Treatment of Delinquents in Juvenile Training Schools

1	Juveniles newly admitted to juvenile training schools

Fig. 4-2-4-1 Number of juveniles newly admitted to juvenile training schools by sex (1949-2006)

Fig. 4-2-4-2 Age distribution of juveniles newly admitted to juvenile training schools (1975-2006)

Fig. 4-2-4-3 Percent distribution of delinquency type committed by juveniles newly admitted to juvenile training schools by sex and age group (2006)

Fig. 4-2-4-4 Percent distribution of the history of protective measures of newly admitted juveniles in juvenile training schools by sex (2006)

Fig. 4-2-4-5 Percent distribution of juveniles newly admitted to juvenile training schools by sex and educational level (2006)

Fig. 4-2-4-6 Percent distribution of juveniles newly admitted to juvenile training schools by status of education/employment and by sex (2006)

Fig. 4-2-4-7 Percent distribution of juveniles newly admitted to juvenile training schools by sex and by type of delinquent group with which they had related (2006)

2	Treatment of juveniles in juvenile training schools

Table 4-2-4-8 Number of juveniles newly admitted by type of juvenile training schools and treatment programs (2006)

Table 4-2-4-9 Number of newly admitted juveniles by treatment courses (2006)

Approaches to guardians (Parent and child classroom)

Athletic meeting participated in by guardians

Fig.4-2-4-10 Percent distribution of the qualifications or licenses obtained by juveniles discharged from juvenile training schools (2006)

Vocational training (gas welding)

Volunteer work (Activities at welfare facilities)

3	Juveniles who are discharged

Table 4-2-4-11 Number of discharged juveniles by reason (2006)

Fig. 4-2-4-12 Percent distribution of acceptors of juveniles discharged from juvenile training schools at the time of discharge by sex of juveniles (2006)

Table 4-2-4-13 Status of re-admittance of juveniles discharged from juvenile training schools (1997-2006)

Section 5

Treatment of Juvenile Prisoners

1	Number and characteristics of juvenile prisoners

Fig. 4-2-5-1 Number of newly admitted juvenile prisoners (1966-2006)

Section 6

Probation/Parole Supervision of Juveniles

1	Juvenile probationers/juvenile training school parolees

Fig. 4-2-6-1 Number of juvenile probationers and juvenile training school parolees newly placed under probation/parole supervision (1949-2006)

Fig. 4-2-6-2 Age distribution of juvenile probationers/juvenile training school parolees newly placed under probation/parole supervision (2006)

Fig. 4-2-6-3 Percent distribution of juvenile probationers/juvenile training school parolees newly placed under probation/parole supervision, by sex and by type of delinquency (2006)

Fig. 4-2-6-4 Percent distribution of juvenile probationers/juvenile training school parolees newly placed under probation/parole supervision by history of protective measures (2006)

Fig. 4-2-6-5 Percent distribution of juvenile probationers/juvenile training school parolees newly received under probation/parole supervision and discharged from it by status of education/employment (2006)

2	Treatment of juvenile probationers and juvenile training school parolees

Table 4-2-6-6 Juvenile probationers/juvenile training school parolees categorized into each category (As of December 31, 2006)

A scene of social participation activities

3	Termination of probationary supervision for juveniles

Fig. 4-2-6-7 Percent distribution of reasons for termination of probationary supervision for juvenile probationers/juvenile training school parolees (2006)

Table 4-2-6-8 Juveniles who received new dispositions during probation (1997-2006)

Section 7

Trends and Treatment of Foreign National Juvenile Delinquents

1	Trends in foreign national juvenile offenders

Fig. 4-2-7-1 Number of foreign national juvenile offenders who were referred to family courts (1997-2006)

2	Treatment of foreign national juvenile delinquents

Fig. 4-2-7-2 Number of newly admitted foreign national juveniles in juvenile classification homes, by nationality, etc. (1997-2006)

Fig. 4-2-7-3 Number of foreign national juveniles admitted to juvenile training schools by nationality, etc. (1997-2006)

Fig. 4-2-7-4 Number of foreign national juvenile probationers/juvenile training school parolees (as of December 31 in each year in 1997-2006)

Part 5

Crime Victims

Chapter 1

Statistics on the Damage Caused by Crime

Section 1

Number of Offenses Involving Human Victims

Fig. 5-1-1-1 Number of reported cases of non-traffic penal code offenses involving human victims and their rate per 100,000 persons (1997-2006)

Section 2

Fatal and Bodily Damage

Table 5-1-2-1 Number of victims killed or injured and their rate per 100,000 persons (1997-2006)

Section 3

Property Damage

Table 5-1-3-1 Number of cases reported for property offenses and the amount of damage (1997-2006)

Section 4

Damage Caused by Sexual Offenses

Table 5-1-4-1 Number of rape and forcible indecency cases, and their rate per 100,000 persons (1997-2006)

Section 5

Relationship between the Victims and Suspects

Fig. 5-1-5-1 Percent distribution of cleared major offenses, by relationship between victims and suspects, and by type of major offense (2006)

Section 6

Juvenile Crime Victims

1	Damage by penal code offenses

Table 5-1-6-1 Number of juvenile crime victims under 13, by type of major penal code offenses (1997-2006)

2	Child abuse

Table 5-1-6-2 Number of cases and persons cleared for offenses concerning child abuse (1999-2006)

Table 5-1-6-3 Relationship between perpetrators and victims for cases concerning child abuse (2006)

Chapter 2

Consideration for Victims in Criminal Justice

Section 1

Involvement of Victims in Criminal Proceedings

1	Grievance system against non-prosecution

Table 5-2-1-1 Number of persons received and disposed by Committees for the Inquest of Prosecution (2002-2006)

Table 5-2-1-2 Subsequent measures for the cases judged by the committees to be appropriate for prosecution or inappropriate for non-prosecution by reason of initial disposition of non-prosecution (2002-2006)

2	Victim protection, etc. in the steps of formal trials

Table 5-2-1-3 Implementation of systems to protect victims in formal trials (2002-2006)

Section 2

Compensation for Crime Victims, etc.

1	Crime victim benefits system

Table 5-2-2-1 Applications for crime victim benefits and amounts paid (2002-2006)

Part 6

Promotion of the Judicial System Reform

Section 1

Pre-trial Arrangement Procedure

Table 6-1-1 Number of persons whose cases were brought to pre-trial arrangement procedure and arrangement procedure between trials dates (2006)

Section 2

Speedy Trial Procedure

Fig. 6-2-1 Flow of speedy trial procedure

Table 6-2-2 Number of persons placed under speedy trial procedure who were finally disposed in the court of first instance (October-December in 2006)

Section 6

Saiban-in System

Table 6-6-1 Number of persons finally disposed in the first instance for cases to be covered by Saiban-in trials, by type of offense (2002-2006)

Table 6-6-2 Sentencing in the first instance for cases covered by Saiban-in trials, by type of offense (2006)

Part 7

The Circumstances and Attributes of Repeat Offenders and Countermeasures to Recidivism

Chapter 2

Actual Figures on Repeat Offenders over Recent Years

Section 1

Clearance

1	Repeat offenders among persons cleared for non-traffic penal code offenses

Fig. 7-2-1-1 Number of repeat offenders among offenders cleared for non-traffic penal code offenses and rate of repeat offenders (1997-2006)

2	Previously convicted persons among adults cleared for non-traffic penal code offenses

Fig.7-2-1-2 Number of previously convicted persons among adults cleared for non-traffic penal code offenses and rate of previously convicted persons (1997-2006)

Table 7-2-1-3 Number and rate of previously convicted persons among adults cleared for non-traffic penal code offenses and number and rate of those previously convicted for the same type of offense (2006)

Section 2

Prosecution and Trial

1	Previously convicted persons among prosecuted persons

Table 7-2-2-1 Number of previously convicted persons among prosecuted persons, rate of previously convicted persons and the status of prosecuted persons at the time of offense, by type of major offense (2006)

2	Revocation of suspension of execution of sentence

Table 7-2-2-2 Number of persons who had their suspension of execution of sentence revoked, by reason for revocation (2002-2006)

Section 3

Correction

Table 7-2-3-1 Re-imprisonment rate of prisoners released in 2001 (year of re-imprisonment from 2001 to 2006)

Table 7-2-3-2 Re-imprisonment rate within five years of the year of release (year of release, from 1997 to 2001)

Section 4

Probation and Parole

Table 7-2-4-1 Re-disposition rate among those whose probation/parole supervision was terminated (1997-2006)

Chapter 3

Actual Circumstances and Attributes of Repeat Offenders and Countermeasures to Recidivism Based upon Criminal Records and Statistical Data

Section 1

Introduction

1	Research overview

Fig. 7-3-1-1 Percent distribution of number of recorded convictions by type of offense

2	Overview of postwar criminal trends

Table 7-3-1-2 Ten most frequent offenses(convictions) by year

Section 2

Importance of Countermeasures against Repeat Offenders

Fig. 7-3-2-1 Offenses and recorded convictions by number of convictions

Fig. 7-3-2-2 Percent distribution of recorded convictions by frequency of conviction and type of offence

Section 3

Trends in Repeat Offenses over Recent Years

Fig. 7-3-3-1 Trends in percent distribution of offenses in each year by frequency of conviction (1976-2005)

Fig. 7-3-3-2 Trends in percent distribution of recorded convictions by type of offense, for custodial sentences and financial sanctions (1976-2005)

Fig. 7-3-3-3 Trends in the Five Year Recidivism Rate by type of offense (1985, 1990, 1995 and 2000)

Fig. 7-3-3-4 Trends in the Five Year Recidivism Rate by age group

Fig. 7-3-3-5 Trends in recidivism rate of multiple repeat offenders by age group (1990-2005)

Section 4

The Circumstances and Characteristics of Repeat Offenders

Offense

Fig. 7-3-4-1 Percent distribution of the offenders who were convicted for repeat offenses, by type of offense of the first conviction

Fig. 7-3-4-2 Percent distribution of repeat offenders by term of recidivism and by type of offense of the first conviction

Age

Fig. 7-3-4-3 Percent distribution of number of offenders, by age group at the time of their first conviction

Fig. 7-3-4-4 The term of recidivism between the first conviction and the second conviction by age group at the time of the first conviction

Fig. 7-3-4-5 Rate per population for offenders who were young adults at the time of trial for their first conviction (1976-2005)

Fig. 7-3-4-6 Percent distribution of number of offenders, by age group at the time of their first conviction and by presence or absence of their repeat offense

Fig. 7-3-4-7 History of protective measures of first-time newly admitted sentenced inmates by age group and by type of offense (2006)

Fig. 7-3-4-8 Percent distibution of offenders who were convicted in criminal trials when they were juveniles, by total number of criminal records

Fig. 7-3-4-9 Percent distribution of recorded convictions of multiple repeat elderly offenders by type of offense (2005)

3	Sentencing

Fig. 7-3-4-10 Percent distribution by sentence and term of recidivism, in each stage of criminal history

4	Attributes

Fig. 7-3-4-11 Percent distribution of newly admitted sentenced inmates, by sex and by type of offense (2006)

Fig. 7-3-4-12 Percent distribution of newly admitted sentenced inmates by employment status at the time of offense and by type of offense (2006)

Fig. 7-3-4-13 Percent ratio of Boryokudan group (organized crime) members at the time of offense among newly admitted sentenced inmates by type of offense (2006)

Fig. 7-3-4-14 Percent distribution of newly admitted sentenced inmates by intellectual level and by type of offense (2006)

Fig. 7-3-4-15 Percent distribution of newly admitted sentenced inmates by spousal status at the time of offense and by type of offense (2006)

5	Sexual offenses

Fig. 7-3-4-16 Percent distribution of the offenders who were convicted for repeat offenses, whose offense of the first conviction was a sexual offense

Fig. 7-3-4-17 The contents of repeat offenses committed by repeat offenders with only non-sexual offenses of the subsequent convictions

Fig. 7-3-4-18 Number of offenders by number of convictions for sexual offenses

Fig. 7-3-4-19 Age groups of offenders, at the time of trial for their first conviction, who were convicted for a sexual offense at least three times

Section 5

Parole

1	The average period of parole by type of offense

Table 7-3-5-1 Average period of parole by type of offense and average term of imprisonment (accumulative total from 1996 to 2005)

2	The parole revocation rate by type of offense

Fig. 7-3-5-2 Parole revocation rate by type of offense (accumulative total from 1996 to 2005)

3	The recidivism situation after the release of first-time inmates

Fig. 7-3-5-3 Percent distribution of first-time inmates by term of recidivism after release and by reason for release

Fig. 7-3-5-4 Percent distribution by recidivism situation after release from a penal institution and by reason for release

4	The parolees' employment status at the time of termination of supervision by type of offense

Fig. 7-3-5-5 Percent distribution of parolees by type of offense and by employment status at the termination of parole period (accumulative total from 1996 to 2005)

Chapter 4

Special Research : The Actual Conditions of Repeat Offenders of Homicide

Section 1

Introduction

2	Subjects of the special research

Fig. 7-4-1-1 Number of repeat homicide offenders of by case type

Section 2

Actual Conditions of Repeat Homicide Offenders

1	Type of offense, sentence term, etc.

Fig. 7-4-2-1 Number of repeat homicide offenders by sentence term of imprisonment for the repeat case

Fig. 7-4-2-2 Number of repeat homicide offenders by age group at the time of the first-time and repeat cases of research

2	Motives or causes

Fig. 7-4-2-3 Number of repeat homicide offenders by motive/cause in the first-time and repeat cases

Fig. 7-4-2-4 Percent distribution of repeat homicide offenders by motive/cause in the repeat case, by that in the first-time case

3	Relationship with victim

Fig. 7-4-2-5 Number of repeat homicide offenders by relationship with the victim of the first-time and the repeat case

4	Accomplice

Fig. 7-4-2-6 Number of repeat homicide offenders by relationship with their accomplice in the first-time case and the repeat case

5	Modus operandi

Fig. 7-4-2-7 Number of repeat homicide offenders by modus operandi for the first-time case and the repeat case

6	Criminal records

Fig. 7-4-2-8 Percent ratio of repeat homicide offenders by criminal record and type of offense

7	Number of imprisonment, term of recidivism, etc.

Fig. 7-4-2-9 Number of first-time prisoners whose next imprisonment was for their repeat case, by term of recidivism

8	Family and employment status

Fig. 7-4-2-10 Percent distribution of repeat homicide offenders by family status

Fig. 7-4-2-11 Percent distribution of repeat homicide offenders by employment status

9	Violations of rules and regulations

Fig. 7-4-2-12 Percent distribution of repeat homicide offenders, by violation/non-violation of rules/regulations while imprisoned for their repeat case

Chapter 5

Current Recidivism Prevention Practices

Section 1

Prosecution and Trial

3	Recent trends in sentencing

Fig.7-5-1-1 Sentencing in the court of first instance for homicide, robbery and rape (1997-2006)

Appendix

Appendix 1-1 Number of reported cases, crime rate, number of cleared cases, clearance rate, and number of persons cleared for penal code offenses (1946-2006)

Appendix 1-2 Number of reported cases, number of cleared cases, and number of persons cleared for penal code offenses, by type of major offenses (1997-2006)

Appendix 1-3 Clearance rate of penal code offenses, by type of major offense (1997-2006)

Appendix 1-4 Number of persons newly received by public prosecutors offices for special act offenses (1997-2006)

Appendix 1-5 Number of traffic accidents, number of persons killed or injured, and rate of accidents (1946-2006)

Appendix 1-6 Term of imprisonment with work in the court of first instance for financial and economic offenses (2004-2006)

Appendix 1-7 Number of reported cases and crime rate of major offenses in 5 countries (1980-2005)

Appendix 1-8 Number of reported cases and crime rate of homicide and theft in 5 countries (1988-2005)

Appendix 1-9 Clearance rate of major offenses, homicide and theft in 5 countries (1988-2005)

Appendix 2-1 Number of persons newly received by public prosecutors officses, by type of offense (2002-2006)

Appendix 2-2 Number of persons finally disposed by public prosecutors offices, by type of offense (1997-2006)

Appendix 2-3 Prosecution and suspended prosecution rate by type of offense (2001-2006)

Appendix 2-4 Sentences in district courts, by type of offense (2006)

Appendix 2-5 Average daily number of inmates of penal institutions (1950-2006)

Appendix 2-6 Number of newly admitted inmates, by sex and type of offense (2006)

Appendix 2-7 Number of re-imprisoned inmates, by sex and type of offense (2006)

Appendix 2-8 Frequency of imprisonment of newly imprisoned offenders, by type of offense (2006)

Appendix 2-9 Period of time until repeat offense by reimprisoned inmates, by type of previous offense (2006)

Appendix 2-10 Number of inmates serving sentence of imprisonment with work at the end of the year, by term of imprisonment (as of December 31 each year in 1957-2006)

Appendix 2-11 Numbers of parole applications, grants and rejections (1949-2006)

Appendix 2-12 Number of newly received probationers and parolees (1949-2006)

Appendix 3-1 Number of cleared cases and persons cleared for non-traffic penal code offenses committed by foreign nationals (1980-2006)

Appendix 3-2 Number of referred cases and number of persons referred for special act offenses committed by foreign nationals (1980-2006)

Appendix 3-3 Number of foreign nationals finally disposed by public prosecutors offices (1990-2006)

Appendix 3-4 Newly admitted Class F inmates by nationality and region (2004-2006)

Appendix 3-5 Number of newly received foreign probationers and parolees by nationality, etc. (2004-2006)

Appendix 3-6 Number of persons finally disposed by public prosecutors offices for drug offenses (1997-2006)

Appendix 4-1 Number and rate per population of juveniles and adults cleared for penal code offenses, and juvenile rate (1946-2006)

Appendix 4-2 Number and rate per population of juveniles cleared for non-traffic penal code offenses, by age group (1966-2006)

Appendix 4-3 Number of juveniles cleared for non-traffic penal code offenses, by sex, age group, and by type of offense (2006)

Appendix4-4 Number of juveniles cleared for penal code offenses, by type of major offense (1946-2006)

Appendix 4-5 Number of juveniles referred from police to public prosecutors office for special act offenses,by type of offense (1956-2006)

Appendix 4-6 Number of juveniles of illegal bahavior guided for non-traffic penal code offenses, by major delinquency (1946-2006)

Appendix 4-7 Number of pre-delinquents finally disposed by family courts, by type of pre-delinquency (1969-2006)

Appendix 4-8 Number of juvenile offenders aged 14-19 newly received by public prosecutors offices, by type of major offense and age group (2001-2006)

Appendix 4-9 Percent ratio of opinions by public prosecutors and final dispositions by family courts, by age group of juvenile offenders (2006)

Appendix 4-10 Number of juveniles finally disposed by family courts for juvenile cases (1975, 1985, 2002-2006)

Appendix 4-11 Number of newly admitted persons and average daily number of inmates in juvenile classification homes (1949-2006)

Appendix 4-12 Number of juveniles newly admitted to juvenile training schools, by sex and by treatment programs (1949-2006)

Appendix 4-13 Number of juveniles newly admitted to juvenile training schools, by type of delinquency (2000-2006)