White paper on crime 2011 Part3/Chapter1/Section1
Juvenile delinquents refer to juveniles that are subjected to hearings held in family courts: [1] juveniles who committed offenses (juveniles aged 14 or older at the time of the offense; hereinafter referred to as “juvenile offenders”), [2] juveniles younger than 14 who committed acts violating any law or ordinance involving criminal punishment (hereinafter referred to as “juvenile offenders under 14”), and [3] juveniles who are deemed likely to commit offenses in the future in light of their personal characters or environment and due to a tendency to disobey the reasonable supervision of their guardians (hereinafter referred to as “pre-delinquents”) (paragraph 1, Article 3 of the Juvenile Act).
Fig. 3-1-1-1 shows the flow of the treatment procedure used with juvenile delinquents (See Section1, Chapter 2 for the procedure of juvenile criminal dispositions (green portion in the figure)).