As for juvenile prisoners, in light of the characteristics of these prisoners, juvenile prisoners receive the treatment based on the 2 fundamental concepts. The first is " individualization of treatment ". The second is " diversification of contents and method of treatment ". Juvenile prisoners imprisoned to juvenile training schools who are under 16 are not obligated to work, and receive correctional education, even after they were sentenced to imprisonment with labor.
  In addition, subjects of vocational training include welding, automobile maintenance, electrical engineering, etc. Many have obtained publicly acknowledged qualifications and licenses or acquired vocational skills that aid self-sustenance and rehabilitation after their release.
  For academic education, Matsumoto Juvenile Prison established a branch of a local public junior high school within its premises. Also Matsumoto, Nara, and Morioka Juvenile Prisons have launched correspondence courses for senior high school education in cooperation with local prefectural senior high schools. In March 2002, 17 prisoners completed senior high school education programs. It is also possible to take correspondence courses in social and school education for those who wish to do so (Source: Correction Bureau, Ministry of Justice).
Explanation of terms

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Indeterminate sentence:
In light of the fact that juveniles have sufficient capability for flexibility, and improvement and rehabilitation thereof are expected by education, and penalties include an educational function, indeterminate sentence is referred to as the sentence declaring that either a short-term sentence or a long-term sentence shall be given without deciding the end date of the sentence in advance. For example, "punishment by imprisonment with labor for 3 to 5 years" is applied.

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Individualization of treatment:
Individualization of treatment means that treatment is implemented according to the characteristics and needs of each individual prisoner, such as formulation of plans for individual treatment, designation of a person in charge of each individual, implementation of evaluation of learning results.

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Diversification of contents and method of treatment:
Diversification of contents and method of treatment means that various kinds of treatment are implemented, considering the surrounding situations of each individual prisoner, such as individual consultation, individual guidance in relation to keeping a diary, etc., guidance by type of treatment using various skills for treatment, promotion of taking vocational training, etc.